Arab Spring/Addendum: Difference between revisions
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'''Note'''<br> | |||
'''CPI denotes the Corruption Protection Index<ref name="CPI">''Corruption Perception :Index''[http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2010/in_detail]</ref>, which ranges from 0 for highly corrupt to 10 for totally transparent.'''<br> | |||
'''DI denotes Democracy Index <ref>[http://graphics.eiu.com/PDF/Democracy_Index_2010_web.pdf ''The Democracy Index 2010'', Economist Intelligence Unit]</ref> which ranges from 0 for totalitarian to 10 for fully democratic.'''<br> | |||
'''GDP/head figures are at purchasing power parity exchange rates using CIA World Factbook figures<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2004rank.html ''Country Comparison, GDP per Capita (PPP)'', CIA World Factbook July 2011]'''</ref> | |||
{{TOC|right}} | {{TOC|right}} | ||
==Arab national movements== | ==Arab national movements== | ||
===[[Algeria]]=== | ===[[Algeria]]=== | ||
''(Population 35m, 99% Sunni Muslim CPI 2010: 2.9, DI 2010: 3.4, unemployment rate: 9.9%, GDP/head: $7,300)''<br> | |||
''(Population 35m, 99% Sunni Muslim CPI 2010 | |||
The protests and strikes in January were mainly about living standards and corruption. President Bouteflika responded with cuts in food prices. Protests continued in some localities | The protests and strikes in January were mainly about living standards and corruption. President Bouteflika responded with cuts in food prices. Protests continued in some localities | ||
===[[Bahrain]]=== | ===[[Bahrain]]=== | ||
''(Population 1.2 m, 81% Muslim, CPI 2010 | ''(Population 1.2 m, 81% Muslim, CPI 2010: 4.9, DI 2010: 3.5, unemployment rate: 3.6%, GDP/head: $40,300)''<br> | ||
Problems exist between [[Sunni]] leadership and a [[Shi'a|Shi'ite]] majority. The matter is of deep concern for [[Saudi Arabia]], concerned with both its own Shi'ite minority, and concerns about [[Iran]]ian expansion. <ref>{{citation | Problems exist between [[Sunni]] leadership and a [[Shi'a|Shi'ite]] majority. The matter is of deep concern for [[Saudi Arabia]], concerned with both its own Shi'ite minority, and concerns about [[Iran]]ian expansion. <ref>{{citation | ||
| title =Popular Protests in North Africa and the Middle East (III): The Bahrain Revolt | | title =Popular Protests in North Africa and the Middle East (III): The Bahrain Revolt | ||
| Line 18: | Line 21: | ||
| url = http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/regions/middle-east-north-africa/iran-gulf/bahrain/105-popular-protests-in-north-africa-and-the-middle-east-iii-the-bahrain-revolt.aspx}}</ref> | | url = http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/regions/middle-east-north-africa/iran-gulf/bahrain/105-popular-protests-in-north-africa-and-the-middle-east-iii-the-bahrain-revolt.aspx}}</ref> | ||
===[[Egypt]]=== | ===[[Egypt]]=== | ||
''(Population 82m, 90% Muslim, CPI 2010 | ''(Population 82m, 90% Muslim, CPI 2010: 3.1, DI 2010: 3.1,unemployment rate: 9.7%, GDP/head: $6,200)''<br> | ||
Protests ended the 30-year presidency of Hosni Mubarak, replaced by a military council that has promised a transition to democracy. Protests continue. | Protests ended the 30-year presidency of Hosni Mubarak, replaced by a military council that has promised a transition to democracy. Protests continue. | ||
===[[Jordan]]=== | ===[[Jordan]]=== | ||
''(Population 6.5m, 92% Muslim, CPI 2010 | ''(Population 6.5m, 92% Muslim, CPI 2010:4.7, DI 2010: 3.7, unemployment rate: 13.4%, GDP/head: $5,400)''<br> | ||
King Abdullah respnded to the mainly peaceful protests by sacking his Cabinet and appointing a new Prime Minister. There have since been few protests. | King Abdullah respnded to the mainly peaceful protests by sacking his Cabinet and appointing a new Prime Minister. There have since been few protests. | ||
===[[Lebanon]]=== | ===[[Lebanon]]=== | ||
''(Population 4m, 60% Muslim, 39% Christian, CPI 2010 | ''(Population 4m, 60% Muslim, 39% Christian, CPI 2010: 2.5,DI 2010: 5.8, unemployment rate:9.2 %, GDP/head: $14,400)''<br> | ||
The January protests were against Hezbollah's attempt to take over the country's government. | The January protests were against Hezbollah's attempt to take over the country's government. | ||
===[[Libya]]=== | ===[[Libya]]=== | ||
''(Population 6.6m, 97% Muslim, CPI 2010 | ''(Population 6.6m, 97% Muslim, CPI 2010: 2.3, DI 2010: 1.9, unemployment rate: 20.7%, GDP/head: $14,000)''<br> | ||
The protests developed into a major civil war with over 10,000 casualties, in which the rebels were supported with NATO supplies and airstrikes. The rebel ''National Transitional Council'' has been recognised as the legitimate representative of the Libyan peoplw by the UA and the UK. | The protests developed into a major civil war with over 10,000 casualties, in which the rebels were supported with NATO supplies and airstrikes. The rebel ''National Transitional Council'' has been recognised as the legitimate representative of the Libyan peoplw by the UA and the UK. | ||
===[[Morocco]]=== | ===[[Morocco]]=== | ||
''(Population 40m, 99% Muslim, CPI 2010 | ''(Population 40m, 99% Muslim, CPI 2010: 3.4, DI 2010: 3.8, unemployment rate:9.8%, GDP/head: $4,800)''<br> | ||
===[[Oman]]=== | ===[[Oman]]=== | ||
''(Population 3m, 75% Muslim, CPI 2010 | ''(Population 3m, 75% Muslim, CPI 2010: 5.3,DI 2010: 2.9, unemployment rate: 15%, GDP/head: $23,600)''<br> | ||
===[[Saudi Arabia]]=== | ===[[Saudi Arabia]]=== | ||
''(Population 26m, 100% Muslim, CPI 2010 | ''(Population 26m, 100% Muslim, CPI 2010: 4.7, DI 2010: 1.8, unemployment rate: 10.8%, GDP/head: $24,200)''<br> | ||
===[[Syria]]=== | ===[[Syria]]=== | ||
''(Population 23m, 90% Muslim, CPI 2010 | ''(Population 23m, 90% Muslim, CPI 2010: 2.5, DI 2010: 2.3, unemployment rate: 8.3%, GDP/head: $4,800)''<br> | ||
Syrian security forces have fired on unarmed protesters, possibly killing as many as 1,000 of them. President [[Bashir al-Assad]], however, repealed a long-standing and unpopular Emergency Law.<ref>{{citation | Syrian security forces have fired on unarmed protesters, possibly killing as many as 1,000 of them. President [[Bashir al-Assad]], however, repealed a long-standing and unpopular Emergency Law.<ref>{{citation | ||
| title=Syrian Security fires on Protesters, Kills 90 | | title=Syrian Security fires on Protesters, Kills 90 | ||
| Line 44: | Line 47: | ||
| url = http://www.juancole.com/2011/04/syrian-security-fires-on-protesters-kills-90.html?utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=facebook&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+juancole%2Fymbn+%28Informed+Comment%29}}</ref> | | url = http://www.juancole.com/2011/04/syrian-security-fires-on-protesters-kills-90.html?utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=facebook&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+juancole%2Fymbn+%28Informed+Comment%29}}</ref> | ||
===[[Tunisia]]=== | ===[[Tunisia]]=== | ||
''(Population 10.6m, 98% Muslim, CPI 2010 | ''(Population 10.6m, 98% Muslim, CPI 2010: 4.3, DI 2010: 2.8,unemployment rate: 14%, GDP/head: $9,400)''<br> | ||
Protesters have forced the resignation of President Zine al-Abidine Mebazaa, and elections have been scheduled for October 2011. | Protesters have forced the resignation of President Zine al-Abidine Mebazaa, and elections have been scheduled for October 2011. | ||
===[[Yemen]]=== | ===[[Yemen]]=== | ||
''(Population 24m, 99% Muslim, CPI 2010 | ''(Population 24m, 99% Muslim, CPI 2010: 2.2, DI 2010: 2.6, unemployment rate: 35%, GDP/head: $2,700)''<br> | ||
Protests have been about unemployment, malnutrion and corruption. President Saleh is in hospital in Saudi Arabia, having been injured by a rocket. | Protests have been about unemployment, malnutrion and corruption. President Saleh is in hospital in Saudi Arabia, having been injured by a rocket. | ||
Revision as of 04:07, 29 July 2011
Note
CPI denotes the Corruption Protection Index[1], which ranges from 0 for highly corrupt to 10 for totally transparent.
DI denotes Democracy Index [2] which ranges from 0 for totalitarian to 10 for fully democratic.
GDP/head figures are at purchasing power parity exchange rates using CIA World Factbook figures[3]
Arab national movements
Algeria
(Population 35m, 99% Sunni Muslim CPI 2010: 2.9, DI 2010: 3.4, unemployment rate: 9.9%, GDP/head: $7,300)
The protests and strikes in January were mainly about living standards and corruption. President Bouteflika responded with cuts in food prices. Protests continued in some localities
Bahrain
(Population 1.2 m, 81% Muslim, CPI 2010: 4.9, DI 2010: 3.5, unemployment rate: 3.6%, GDP/head: $40,300)
Problems exist between Sunni leadership and a Shi'ite majority. The matter is of deep concern for Saudi Arabia, concerned with both its own Shi'ite minority, and concerns about Iranian expansion. [4]
Egypt
(Population 82m, 90% Muslim, CPI 2010: 3.1, DI 2010: 3.1,unemployment rate: 9.7%, GDP/head: $6,200)
Protests ended the 30-year presidency of Hosni Mubarak, replaced by a military council that has promised a transition to democracy. Protests continue.
Jordan
(Population 6.5m, 92% Muslim, CPI 2010:4.7, DI 2010: 3.7, unemployment rate: 13.4%, GDP/head: $5,400)
King Abdullah respnded to the mainly peaceful protests by sacking his Cabinet and appointing a new Prime Minister. There have since been few protests.
Lebanon
(Population 4m, 60% Muslim, 39% Christian, CPI 2010: 2.5,DI 2010: 5.8, unemployment rate:9.2 %, GDP/head: $14,400)
The January protests were against Hezbollah's attempt to take over the country's government.
Libya
(Population 6.6m, 97% Muslim, CPI 2010: 2.3, DI 2010: 1.9, unemployment rate: 20.7%, GDP/head: $14,000)
The protests developed into a major civil war with over 10,000 casualties, in which the rebels were supported with NATO supplies and airstrikes. The rebel National Transitional Council has been recognised as the legitimate representative of the Libyan peoplw by the UA and the UK.
Morocco
(Population 40m, 99% Muslim, CPI 2010: 3.4, DI 2010: 3.8, unemployment rate:9.8%, GDP/head: $4,800)
Oman
(Population 3m, 75% Muslim, CPI 2010: 5.3,DI 2010: 2.9, unemployment rate: 15%, GDP/head: $23,600)
Saudi Arabia
(Population 26m, 100% Muslim, CPI 2010: 4.7, DI 2010: 1.8, unemployment rate: 10.8%, GDP/head: $24,200)
Syria
(Population 23m, 90% Muslim, CPI 2010: 2.5, DI 2010: 2.3, unemployment rate: 8.3%, GDP/head: $4,800)
Syrian security forces have fired on unarmed protesters, possibly killing as many as 1,000 of them. President Bashir al-Assad, however, repealed a long-standing and unpopular Emergency Law.[5]
Tunisia
(Population 10.6m, 98% Muslim, CPI 2010: 4.3, DI 2010: 2.8,unemployment rate: 14%, GDP/head: $9,400)
Protesters have forced the resignation of President Zine al-Abidine Mebazaa, and elections have been scheduled for October 2011.
Yemen
(Population 24m, 99% Muslim, CPI 2010: 2.2, DI 2010: 2.6, unemployment rate: 35%, GDP/head: $2,700)
Protests have been about unemployment, malnutrion and corruption. President Saleh is in hospital in Saudi Arabia, having been injured by a rocket.
The international response
League of Arab States
The United Nations
NATO
France
UK
USA
Qatar
United Arab Emirates
References
- ↑ Corruption Perception :Index[1]
- ↑ The Democracy Index 2010, Economist Intelligence Unit
- ↑ Country Comparison, GDP per Capita (PPP), CIA World Factbook July 2011
- ↑ Popular Protests in North Africa and the Middle East (III): The Bahrain Revolt, International Crisis Group, 6 April 2011, MENA Report No. 105
- ↑ Juan Cole (23 April 2011), "Syrian Security fires on Protesters, Kills 90", Informed Comment