Uranium: Difference between revisions
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'''Uranium''' is a [[Chemical elements|chemical element]], typically found as a [[Solid_(state_of_matter)|solid]] in its elemental form. It has the [[chemical symbol]] U, [[atomic number]] (number of [[protons]]) ''Z'' = 92, and a [[Atomic mass#Standard atomic weights of the elements|standard atomic weight]] of 238.02891 | '''Uranium''' is a [[Chemical elements|chemical element]], typically found as a [[Solid_(state_of_matter)|solid]] in its elemental form. It has the [[chemical symbol]] U, [[atomic number]] (number of [[protons]]) ''Z'' = 92, and a [[Atomic mass#Standard atomic weights of the elements|standard atomic weight]] of 238.02891 g/mol. | ||
Uranium is a silvery-gray metallic element in the [[actinide]] series of the [[periodic table]]. It is weakly [[radioactivity|radioactive]]. It occurs naturally in low concentrations in soil, rock and water, and is commercially extracted from uranium-bearing minerals such as uraninite. | Uranium is a silvery-gray metallic element in the [[actinide]] series of the [[Periodic table of elements|periodic table]]. It is weakly [[radioactivity|radioactive]]. It occurs naturally in low concentrations in soil, rock and water, and is commercially extracted from uranium-bearing minerals such as uraninite. | ||
In nature, uranium atoms exist as the isotopes uranium-238, uranium-235, and a very small amount of uranium-234. Uranium decays slowly by emitting an [[alpha particle]]. | In nature, uranium atoms exist as the isotopes uranium-238, uranium-235, and a very small amount of uranium-234. Uranium decays slowly by emitting an [[alpha particle]]. | ||
It is used for its nuclear properties, including [[nuclear power generation]] and | It is used for its nuclear properties, including [[nuclear power generation]] and nuclear weapons, as well as the mechanical characteristics of ''depleted uranium'', which is all <sup>238</sup>U. Depleted uranium is extremely dense, and has a number of applications as mechanical ballast. Its combined density and [[pyrophoric]] property make it effective as [[anti-tank weapon|antitank ammunition]]. | ||
==Fissionable uranium== | ==Fissionable uranium== | ||
[[U.S.]] civilian power plants typically use 3 to 5 percent uranium-235. Weapons use "highly enriched uranium" (HEU) with over 90 percent uranium-235.<ref>[http://www.ieer.org/fctsheet/uranium.html Uranium: Its Uses and Hazards] From the website of the Institute for | [[United States of America|U.S.]] civilian power plants typically use 3 to 5 percent uranium-235. Weapons use "highly enriched uranium" (HEU) with over 90 percent uranium-235.<ref>[http://www.ieer.org/fctsheet/uranium.html Uranium: Its Uses and Hazards] From the website of the Institute for | ||
Energy and Environmental Research</ref> During the [[Manhattan Project]], enriched uranium was given the codename ''oralloy'', a shortened version of Oak Ridge alloy, after the location of the plants where the uranium was enriched.<ref>[http://www.medical-answers.org/hd/index.php?t=Oralloy Oralloy] From the website of Medical-answers.org</ref> | Energy and Environmental Research</ref> During the [[Manhattan Project]], enriched uranium was given the codename ''oralloy'', a shortened version of Oak Ridge alloy, after the location of the plants where the uranium was enriched.<ref>[http://www.medical-answers.org/hd/index.php?t=Oralloy Oralloy] From the website of Medical-answers.org</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 17:00, 3 November 2024
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Uranium is a chemical element, typically found as a solid in its elemental form. It has the chemical symbol U, atomic number (number of protons) Z = 92, and a standard atomic weight of 238.02891 g/mol.
Uranium is a silvery-gray metallic element in the actinide series of the periodic table. It is weakly radioactive. It occurs naturally in low concentrations in soil, rock and water, and is commercially extracted from uranium-bearing minerals such as uraninite.
In nature, uranium atoms exist as the isotopes uranium-238, uranium-235, and a very small amount of uranium-234. Uranium decays slowly by emitting an alpha particle.
It is used for its nuclear properties, including nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons, as well as the mechanical characteristics of depleted uranium, which is all 238U. Depleted uranium is extremely dense, and has a number of applications as mechanical ballast. Its combined density and pyrophoric property make it effective as antitank ammunition.
Fissionable uranium
U.S. civilian power plants typically use 3 to 5 percent uranium-235. Weapons use "highly enriched uranium" (HEU) with over 90 percent uranium-235.[1] During the Manhattan Project, enriched uranium was given the codename oralloy, a shortened version of Oak Ridge alloy, after the location of the plants where the uranium was enriched.[2]
References
- ↑ Uranium: Its Uses and Hazards From the website of the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research
- ↑ Oralloy From the website of Medical-answers.org