Reticuloendothelial system: Difference between revisions
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The '''reticuloendothelial system''' ('''RES'''), part of the [[immune system]], consists of the [[phagocytosis|phagocytic]] cells located in [[reticular connective tissue]], primarily [[monocyte]]s and [[macrophage]]s. | The '''reticuloendothelial system''' ('''RES'''), part of the [[immune system]], consists of the [[phagocytosis|phagocytic]] cells located in [[reticular connective tissue]], primarily [[monocyte]]s and [[macrophage]]s. Since phagocytosis is their primary role, '''mononuclear phagocytic system''' has been suggested as an alternative name. <ref>{{citation | ||
| title = The Reticuloendothelial System: CLS 311/312 Lecture | |||
| url =cls.umc.edu/COURSES/CLS311/resystem.doc | |||
| date = 30 March 2010}}</ref> | |||
These cells accumulate in [[lymph node]]s and the [[spleen]], hence another suggested alternative name, '''lymphoreticular system''' The [[Kupffer cell]]s of the [[liver]] and tissue [[histiocyte]]s are also part of the RES. | |||
The '''Reticuloendothelial System''' is divided into '''primary''' and '''secondary''' lymphoid organs. | The '''Reticuloendothelial System''' is divided into '''primary''' and '''secondary''' lymphoid organs. | ||
==Primary== | |||
* '''Primary''' (or '''"central"''') lymphoid organs - the sites where the cells of the RES are ''produced''. The cells of the RES are produced in the bone marrow. | * '''Primary''' (or '''"central"''') lymphoid organs - the sites where the cells of the RES are ''produced''. The cells of the RES are produced in the bone marrow. | ||
**The '''thymus''' is also included as it is the required site for T cell maturation. | **The '''thymus''' is also included as it is the required site for T cell maturation. | ||
==Secondary== | |||
* '''Secondary''' (or '''"peripheral"''') lymphoid organs - the sites where the cells of the RES ''function''. This includes the lymph nodes, spleen, and '''MALT''' (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue). | * '''Secondary''' (or '''"peripheral"''') lymphoid organs - the sites where the cells of the RES ''function''. This includes the lymph nodes, spleen, and '''MALT''' (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue). | ||
**MALT is further divided into the '''GALT''' (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) and the '''BALT''' (bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue). | **MALT is further divided into the '''GALT''' (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) and the '''BALT''' (bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue). | ||
Revision as of 19:17, 6 August 2010
The reticuloendothelial system (RES), part of the immune system, consists of the phagocytic cells located in reticular connective tissue, primarily monocytes and macrophages. Since phagocytosis is their primary role, mononuclear phagocytic system has been suggested as an alternative name. [1]
These cells accumulate in lymph nodes and the spleen, hence another suggested alternative name, lymphoreticular system The Kupffer cells of the liver and tissue histiocytes are also part of the RES.
The Reticuloendothelial System is divided into primary and secondary lymphoid organs.
Primary
- Primary (or "central") lymphoid organs - the sites where the cells of the RES are produced. The cells of the RES are produced in the bone marrow.
- The thymus is also included as it is the required site for T cell maturation.
Secondary
- Secondary (or "peripheral") lymphoid organs - the sites where the cells of the RES function. This includes the lymph nodes, spleen, and MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue).
- MALT is further divided into the GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) and the BALT (bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue).
- The Kupffer cells of the liver act as part of this system but are not organized into a tissue; rather, they are dispersed throughout the liver sinusoids.
- Function: The secondary lymphoid structures function to survey all entering or circulating antigen and to mobilize an immune response against foreign antigen upon its discovery. The GALT and BALT are privy to the myriads of antigen entering the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, respectively. All extracellular fluid must filter through lymph nodes as it traverses the lymphatics on its way back to the systemic circulation. Antigen residing in the interstitium is thus swept to the lymph nodes for processing. Finally, the spleen filters the blood in search of antigen. Upon the discovery of foreign antigen, all of these tissues react in a similar manner to amass an appropriate and multifaceted immune response.
In patients with haemochromatosis the reticuloendothelial system is a site of iron acumulation.
- ↑ [cls.umc.edu/COURSES/CLS311/resystem.doc The Reticuloendothelial System: CLS 311/312 Lecture], 30 March 2010