Urolithiasis: Difference between revisions

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In [[medicine]], '''urolithiasis''' if the "formation of [[Calculus (medicine)|stones]] in any part of the [[urinary tract]], usually in the [[kidney]]; [[urinary bladder]]; or the [[ureter]]."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref>
In [[medicine]], '''urolithiasis''' if the "formation of [[Calculus (medicine)|stones]] in any part of the [[urinary tract]], usually in the [[kidney]]; [[urinary bladder]]; or the [[ureter]]."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref>



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In medicine, urolithiasis if the "formation of stones in any part of the urinary tract, usually in the kidney; urinary bladder; or the ureter."[1]

Classification

Etiology/cause

  • Hypercalcuria - >140 mg/gm of urine creatinine or >4 mg/kg of body weight
  • Hyperoxaluria - >40mg in 24 hour urine. May be primary or secondary to disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease
  • Hypocitruria
  • Uric acid
  • Struvite
  • Cysteine

Treatment

Prevention

Chlorthalidone reduces recurrence of calcium oxalate stones.[2][3]

References

  1. Anonymous (2024), Urolithiasis (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  2. Ettinger B, Citron JT, Livermore B, Dolman LI (1988). "Chlorthalidone reduces calcium oxalate calculous recurrence but magnesium hydroxide does not.". J Urol 139 (4): 679-84. PMID 3280829.
  3. Escribano J, Balaguer A, Pagone F, Feliu A, Roqué I Figuls M (2009). "Pharmacological interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (1): CD004754. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD004754.pub2. PMID 19160242. Research Blogging.