imported>Louis Corradino Jr. |
imported>Louis Corradino Jr. |
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| {{CZ:Biol_201:_General_Microbiology/EZnotice}} | | {{CZ:Biol_201:_General_Microbiology/EZnotice}} |
| {{Taxobox | | {{Taxobox |
| | color = red | | | color = pink |
| | name = ''Amanita muscaria'' | | | name = fakei microbi |
| | image = Amanita_muscaria(tfl-c0229-35).jpg | | | image = |
| | regnum = [[Fungi]] | | | regnum = eubacteria |
| | subregnum = [[Dikarya]]
| | | phylum = |
| | phylum = [[Basidiomycota]] | | | classis = |
| | subphylum = [[Agaricomycotina]]
| | | ordo = |
| | classis = [[Agaricomycetes]] | | | familia = |
| | subclassis = [[Agaricomycetidae]]
| | | genus = |
| | ordo = [[Agaricales]] | | | species = |
| | familia = [[Amanitaceae]] | | | binomial = |
| | genus = ''[[Amanita]]'' | | | binomial_authority = |
| | species = '''''A. muscaria''''' | |
| | binomial = ''Amanita muscaria'' | |
| | binomial_authority = ([[L.]]) [[Lam.]] | |
| }} | | }} |
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| | bla bla bla [[virus]] <ref>journal citation here</ref> |
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| | ==Genome structure== |
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| ==Description and significance== | | ==Cell structure and metabolism== |
| '''''Amanita muscaria''''', commonly known as the '''''fly agaric''''', is a [[psychoactive]] [[fungus]]. Known as the '''''fly agaric''''' for its ability to kill houseflies when combined with milk.<ref>[http://www.erowid.org/plants/amanitas/amanitas_muscaria_muscaria.shtml]</ref> The common hallucinogenic compounds found in '''''Amanita muscaria''''' are [[ibotenic acid]] (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-isoxazoleacetic acid) and [[muscimol]] (5-(aminomethyl)-3-hydroxyisox-azole).
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| [[Image:A_M_GILLS_6-2-04_small.jpeg]]
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| It is a fairly large [[mushroom]] with a bright red [[cap]] that ranges from 8-20 cm in diameter. The white spots on the cap are remains of the [universal veil]], a membrane that covers the [[mushroom]] at a young age. A [[partial veil]] usually forms a skirt like ring on the upper region of the [[stalk]]. The [[stalk]] or [[stipe]] is white or cream in color ranging from 5-20 cm high and 1-2 cm wide. The [[gills]] are free or slightly attached and are white in color.<ref>[http://www.erowid.org/plants/amanitas/amanitas_muscaria_muscaria.shtml]</ref><ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanita_muscaria]</ref>
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| ==Distribution and habitat== | | ==Ecology== |
| The '''''fly agaric''''' [[mushroom]] grows in symbiosis with birch, pine, and fir.<ref>[Letcher,Andy Shroom: A Cultural History of the Magic Mushroom 2007 pp.118]</ref> It can be found in regions of both hemispheres (Alaska, Siberia, Scandinavia, central Europe, North America, Australia, Mexico, the Philippines) and in other regions where the aforementioned trees are located. The '''''fly agaric''''' is also found in the form of [[fairy rings]].<ref>[http://www.flyagaric-amanita.com/distribution_habitat.html]</ref>
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| ==Pharmacology== | | ==Pathology== |
| The two psychoactive agents fount in '''''Amanita Muscaria''''' are [[Ibotenic acid]] and [[Muscimol]]. [[Muscarine]] was originally thought to be the active hallucinogenic ingredient in '''''A. muscaria'''''. It was later found by researchers in the mid 20th century that these effects were caused by [[Ibotenic acid]] and [[Muscimol]]. There is a much larger amount of [[Ibotenic acid]] than [[Muscimol]] in the '''''fly agaric''''', however the [[Ibotenic acid]] is decarboxylated when dried out turning it into [[Muscimol]], this provides the [[psychoactive]] effect.<ref>[http://www.flyagaric-amanita.com/pharmacology.html]</ref> Other agents found in '''''A. muscaria''''' are [[Muscarine]], [[Muscazone]], [[Bufotenin (5-OH-DMT)]], [[l-hyoscayamine]], [[stizolobinic acid]], [[stizolobic acid]], [[methyltetrahydrocarboline carboxylic acid]].<ref>[http://www.erowid.org/plants/amanitas/amanitas_info6.shtml]</ref>
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| | ==Application to Biotechnology== |
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| | ==Current Research== |
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| | ==References== |
| | <references/> |
