Quantum fluids

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A quantum fluid is a fluid where the mean distance between the particles is less than or comparable to the thermal de Broglie wavelength

,

where

is Planck's constant
is the mass of the particles of the fluid
is the Boltzmann constant and
is the absolute temperature.

In such a case there is a strong overlap of wave functions of adjacent particles and hence quantum statistics (Bose-Einstein or Fermi-Dirac) is applicable. This often results in unusual observable macroscopic phenomena, such as superfluidity, superconductivity and other 'super' transport phenomena.

Reference